June 28, 1914 |
Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria is assassinated in Sarajevo. His death sparks World War I. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_of_Archduke_Franz_Ferdinand_of_Austria |
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August 2-4, 1914 |
World War I Begins when Germany invades Belgium. Germany attacked Luxembourg on 2 August and on 3 August declared war on France. On 4 August, after Belgium refused to permit German troops to cross its borders into France, Germany declared war on Belgium as well. Britain declared war on Germany at 19:00 UTC on 4 August 1914 (effective from 11 pm), following an "unsatisfactory reply" to the British ultimatum that Belgium must be kept neutral. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_I |
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April 22, 1915 |
The first full-scale deployment of deadly chemical warfare agents during World War I was at the Second Battle of Ypres, on April 22, 1915, when the Germans attacked French, Canadian and Algerian troops with chlorine gas. Deaths were light, though casualties were relatively heavy. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_warfare |
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May 7, 1915 |
German submarine U-20 sinks the passenger liner RMS Lusitania. Of the 1,962 passengers and crew aboard Lusitania at the time of the sinking, 1,198 lost their lives, 128 of them Americans. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RMS_Lusitania |
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May 12, 1915 |
The Committee on Alleged German Outrages, often called the Bryce Committee after its chair, Viscount James Bryce (1838-1922), is best known for producing the "Report of the Committee on Alleged German Outrages,". The Bryce Report is seen as a major propaganda form that Britain used in order to educate the world on the behaviour of Germany, which had invaded Belgium the year before. The Report was translated by the end of 1915 into every major European language and had a profound impact on public opinion in Allied and neutral countries, particularly in the USA. Though the findings of the Report have been substantiated by several scholars in the 21st century, the eyewitness testimony published in its 320-page Appendix A included some sensationalist accounts of mutilations and rapes for which there is no other evidence. These invented atrocities stigmatized the Report and have made it a target for revisionist historians and writers on propaganda. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Committee_on_Alleged_German_Outrages |
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September 15, 1916 |
The first use of tanks on the battlefield was the use of British Mark I tanks at the Battle of Flers-Courcelette (part of the Battle of the Somme),
with mixed results; many broke down, but nearly a third succeeded in breaking through. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanks_in_World_War_I |
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January 11, 1917 |
The Zimmermann Telegram was an internal coded diplomatic communication issued from the German Foreign Office that proposed a military alliance between Germany and Mexico in the event of the United States' entering World War I against Germany. The proposal was intercepted and decoded by British intelligence. Revelation of the contents enraged American public opinion, especially after the German Foreign Secretary Arthur Zimmermann publicly admitted the telegram was genuine on 3 March, and helped generate support for the United States declaration of war on Germany in April. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zimmermann_Telegram |
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April 2, 1917 |
When Germany resumed unrestricted submarine warfare, Wilson asked Congress to declare war in order to make "the world safe for democracy." President Woodrow Wilson called for war, before a special joint session of Congress. Emphasizing that the U.S. had to fight to maintain its honor and to have a decisive voice in shaping the new postwar world. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1865%E2%80%931918)#President_Wilson https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/0402.html#article |
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April 6, 1917 |
The United States Congress declared war upon the German Empire, but it was far from unanimous.
Text of the declaration: WHEREAS, The Imperial German Government has committed repeated acts of war against the Government and the people of the United States of America; therefore, be it resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the state of war between the United States and the Imperial German Government, which has thus been thrust upon the United States, is hereby formally declared; and that the President be, and he is hereby, authorized and directed to employ the entire naval and military forces of the United States and the resources of the Government to carry on war against the Imperial German Government; and to bring the conflict to a successful termination all the resources of the country are hereby pledged by the Congress of the United States.[1] Votes: In the Senate, the resolution passed 82 to 6. In the House the vote on the resolution was 373 to 50, with 9 not voting. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1917_United_States_declaration_of_war_on_Germany | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
May 18, 1917 |
After six weeks of debate, the U.S. Congress passes the Selective Service Act of 1917,
US Code, Title 50A, Chapter 14, SELECTIVE SERVICE ACT 40 Stat. 76 (1917)
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June 5, 1917 |
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September 17, 1917 |
(click to view more about this very intersting War Department Form 164-C postcard) |
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September 21, 1917 |
(click for full-size image) The Boys Who Marched Away - September 21, 1917(out of Tunkhannock, Pennsylvania)Frank Ferris (#10 in the photo above) became a member of the 314th Infantry, Supply Company, primarily as a WagonerPeter F. Malloy (#34 in the photo above) became a member of the 314th Infantry, Company MSeptember 1917 - Arrived at Camp Meade (now Fort Meade) |
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Winter 1917 - 1918 |
Camp Meade construction(click to view full-size) |
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October 1917 |
1917 - Barracks 314th Infantry, Camp Meade, MD. PostcardAs documented here, the second barracks on the left is Company G 314th Infantry |
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November 26, 1917 |
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November 29, 1917 |
Company K - 314th Infantry - Thanksgiving - Thursday November 29 1917 - Camp Meade, Maryland |
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December 1, 1917 |
December 1, 1917 Franklin Field Interdivisional Foot Ball Camp Dix vs Camp Meade |
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December 1917 |
December 1917 - Troops from Camp Meade Cantonment March Before the Secretary of War
(Click to see web page) Or click here to see the entire 2 page article from the New York Times dated December 30, 1917 |
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1917 |
Company Drill - 314th Infantry - Camp Meade, Md.(View the back of the postcard) |
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1917 |
Colonel Thomas W. Darrah and Officers of the 314th Infantry |
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1917 |
1917 - The Infantry Soldier's Hand Book by Waldron |
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1918 |
Trapshooting : He Learned To Hit 'Em at the Gun Club -- 1918 Du Pont advertisementGratefully downloaded from digital.hagley.org |
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Early 1918 |
Peter F. Malloy (314th Infantry, Company M) [left of photo] and Peter F. Corcoran [right of photo]
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March 27, 1918 |
Trench and Camp newspaper FOR CAMP MEADE dated March 27, 1918 |
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April 1918 |
April 1918 - Troops from Camp March Before President Wilson |
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May 23, 1918 |
Trench and Camp newspaper FOR CAMP MEADE dated May 23, 1918 |
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1918 |
1918 - Actual Photo of the Log Cabin at Camp Meade.
The Officer is believed to be Thomas H. Stilwell, of the Regimental Staff. Click here to view the full-size 600 DPI scan (11.7 MegaBytes - 4890 pixels x 3450 pixels) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1918 |
Diaries of Frank S. Miller
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1918 |
Camp Meade - Songs of the Army - 1918
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February 15, 1918 |
Camp Meade Herald newspaper - February 15 1918 (four page newspaper) |
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February 1918 |
Bread and Sugar Ration Stamps in France (February 1918) |
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July 1918 |
July 1918 - Completed training and sailed to France aboard the USS Leviathan(please click for many more details) |
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Monday July 15, 1918
to Friday July 19, 1918 | 314th Infantry Regiment stationed in France: Brest, FinistereTwo Newspaper Articles concerning Brest France and Saint-Aignan ("Camp Agony"), 1918 |
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Monday July 22, 1918
to Monday July 22, 1918 | 314th Infantry Regiment stationed in France: Laignes, Cote d'Or |
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Tuesday July 23, 1918
to Wednesday July 24, 1918 | 314th Infantry Regiment stationed in France: Puits, Cote d'Or |
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Thursday July 25, 1918
to Sunday Sept 8, 1918 | 314th Infantry Regiment stationed in France: Frettes, Haute Marne |
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Monday August 26, 1918 |
Albert A. Lease - 1918 letters |
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Sunday Sept 8, 1918
to Monday Sept 9, 1918 | 314th Infantry Regiment stationed in France: La Ferte, Haute Marne |
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Saturday Sept 14, 1918
to Sunday Sept 15, 1918 | 314th Infantry Regiment stationed in France: Boise de Brocourt, Meuse |
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Saturday Sept 20, 1918 | Field Order 20: Initial Attack of Meuse-Argonne Operation, by Pershing/Drum |
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Thursday Sept 26, 1918
to Monday Sept 30, 1918 |
314th Infantry Regiment stationed in France: Boise de Hesse, Meuse
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September 26, 1918 |
The Taking of Montfaucon by James M. Cain
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September 1918 |
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September 26, 1918
to November 11, 1918 |
To quote from page 4 of the deeply researched and highly recommended book
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"Fought over a period of forty-seven days, from September 26 to November 11, 1918, the Meuse-Argonne
sucked in 1.2 million American soldiers, leaving 26,277 of them dead and 95,786 wounded. Almost all of these casualties came in a period of about three weeks of heavy fighting, and they amounted to about half of the total American casualties for the war. Twenty-two American infantry ddivisions participated in the battle, along with 840 airplanes and 324 tanks. About twenty-four hundred artillery pieces fired over four million shells, more than the Union army fired during the entire five years of the American Civil War. No single battle in American military history, before or since, even approaches the Meuse-Argonne in size and cost, and it was without question the country's most critical military contribution to the Allied cause in the First World War." |
HEADQUARTERS
314TH REGIMENT INFANTRY CAMP DIX, N.J. 29 May, 1919. A Meeting of the officers of the 314th Infantry was held at Camp Dix, N.J. May 29th, 1919 to further perfect the organization of the 314th Society "The Veterans of the 314th Infantry," which was formed on the Princess Matoika to perpetuate the spirit and pleasant associations of the regiment in the service. The committee on organization reported through the president, Major Mayo the following nomination for
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
These officers were unanimously elected. The ??? of the regimental history, which Lt. Woodruff has ??? to insure its speedy publication,
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"314th Infantry" Smoker and a damn good time Hotel Walton, Friday, May 7, 2910 Philadelphia, PA Write the place and date on your cuff so you won't forget it Old Boy we're counting on you and every other member of the old gang who lives in or near Philadelphia to be on hand. We're starting to load the old CAMION for a big time fhis SEPTEMBER so you better get on with us at the start, May 7, 1920 8 P.M. O. K., R. V. Nicholson - E. P. Schroyer, Committee Chairman. P.S. -- Don't forget that there are'nt any Buck Privates or Officers any more They're all MISTERS now. |
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Camp Meade Log Cabin Moved to Valley Forge
Former Officers' Quarters and Assembly Room of 314th Infantry Transferred Despite OppositionOn a knoll overlooking the Schuylkill at Valley Forge is a log cabin that was originally built to provide an officers' club and assembly room quarters for the 314th Infantry, 79th Division, while that unit was still under training at Camp Meade. Bringing the cabin from Camp Meade to Valley Forge was no easy matter as every one in authority, from the President of the United States down, seemed to oppose the transfer.
However, the Pennsylvania Historical Society approved of it from the outset. After all, this cabin has a much wider significance than its builders, many of whom were killed in action. ever thought it would have, because it will speaks to future generations of the resourcefulness of the American soldier. To realize this it is necessary to know something about the cabin's history.
It was built "without material," as the saying goes. All the hardware came from salvaged automobiles and abandoned farm machinery. The spikes were hammered out of horseshoes. Every log and every stone has been moved from Camp Meade, and the cabin will be finished and ready for dedication as a restored structure on September 26, 1922.
Major Thomas H. Stilwell had charge of the construction in the first place, and now he is chairman of the reconstruction committee. Thus he will be in position to keep the reconstructed building true to its original in every detail. In this task he is being assisted by some of the original builders, among them being Sergeant Oscar H. Kraft, of Scranton Pa., and Arthur P. Snooks, Of Richfield, Pa., both of whom did the iron work, and Corporal John Rowe, of Shamokin, Pa., who was the foreman carpenter back in the Camp Meade days, but his assistant, Corporal Russell Baker, also of Shamokin, was one of the large number in this regiment killed in action. Sergeant Major L. S. Krajeski is one of the surviving builders.
However, the placing of the structure at Valley Forge is not to commemorate those Who built it, but the regiment's 364 dead. As far as can be learned it is the only monument of its kind in America in commemoration of service men.
It takes up a place not far from Dr. Burk's chapel, and measures 30 by 50 feet, with an alcove and fireplace, 8 by 20 feet. Every one of the 364 names will be perpetuated in bronze, and thus the cabin will be prepared for its further purpose of serving as a museum. Various trophies of the late war will be on view and added to from time to time.
Survivors of the 314th have formed an association, simply known as "Veterans," with the name of the regiment. It stands alone as an organization, the membership being confined to this one regiment, which was used as a lead-off in the Argonne fighting, in front of Mont Faucon, and the date of dedication, September 26, is the anniversary date of the 314th's first going over the top. It is celebrated each year with a reunion and banquet. This year the dedication of the cabin will be the important feature of the reunion.
Hard work is still ahead to make the log cabin all that is expected of it in the way of becoming an attraction for all visitors to Valley Forge.
John G. Smedley, treasurer of the "Veterans" of the 314th Infantry, has his headquarters at No. 518 Lafayette Building, this city, and is looking for the kind of help most needed now, for the building itself has been put up, but the expense of maintenance and equipment still needs attention. The president of the Veterans' Association is Raymond V. Nicholson.
The 314th's overseas commander was Colonel William H. Oury, still in active service with the 14th Infantry at Panama. He was one of the few colonels to get the D. S. M.
THE VOLUNTEER What are you doing out here my boy; Out here in the slime and foam? You are lost, though the night be clear, my boy, And you.re miles and miles from home. But he spake no word, Though my voice was heard By the sentinel and his mate Just held his face To the trigger- place And stared in the eyes of Fate. Why do you stay out here, my boy? Or is it you.ve lost your way? But little you seem to care, my boy, As fast to the gun you stay. Then in star- shell light I saw through the night, ( My head bowed in reverence.) He was not khaki- clad But a peasant lad. Dead. And a child of France. I carried him back to soft earth, this boy, And laid him away to rest In the land that had claimed by birth, this boy, And nestled him close to her breast. A mere slip of a lad Who willing had Invaded our lines for the chance To stand with the rest And give his best For the sake of his .Patria.- France. By 1st Lt. Joseph R. Cushing Company G 314th Infantry 79th Division AEF From the book DOUGHBOY DITTIES- 1927 |